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Learn how to configure Rohde & Schwarz products to fit your application. Search our database by product, technology, or application to find relevant technical documents.
Search Application Notes & Cards
Learn how to configure Rohde & Schwarz products to fit your application. Search our database by product, technology, or application to find relevant technical documents.
1106 Results
Broadband amplifiers are necessary for generating the field strengths required for most EMC radiated immunity tests. This Educational Note provides a brief overview of the role of amplifiers in EMC testing as well as a discussion of the parameters and characteristics which have the greatest influence on amplifier performance.Register now to download the Educational Note.
01-Aug-2022
This Application Note gives an introduction to measurements of WiMAX signals according to standards 80216-2004 and 802.16e-2005. It describes all kind of signal generation from simple signals to multiple-zone signals, also under multipath environment (fading), and covers all signal measurements from power and spectrum analysis, crest factor and CCDF measurement down to bit pattern analysis and modulation measurements.Please see also 1MA96 for General information about the WiMAX standard and 1EF57 for an introduction to the WiMAX standard.
10-Jul-2006 | AN-No. 1MA97
Software tools allow to make the control of T&M instruments more convenient. The adoption of the following tools for Windows®-based T&M instruments is described: ● Synergy:One mouse and one keyboard control a group of T&M instruments ● CamStudio:Video clips of the display of a T&M instrumentare recorded during operation
13-Jun-2013 | AN-No. 1MA218
This Application Note describes measurements on RFID readers and chipcards according to ISO/IEC 14443 and similar standards, using a signal generator and a spectrum analyzer. Using a modern spectrum analyzer like the R&S®FSL not only increases accuracy and measurement speed, but also simplifies operation. Interoperability tests, in particular, are simplified by generating reader test signals with a signal generator. With software option R&S®SMx/AMU/AFQ-K6 chipcards can be tested without a reader
25-Jan-2010 | AN-No. 1MA113
An FSE (or FSIQ) Spectrum Analyser equipped with the Vector Analysis option (FSE-B7) can measure a wide range of error types (EVM, Magnitude Error, Phase Error…) on continous signal. This Application Note describes how to measure these errors on a single burst between symbols.
22-Jan-2011 | AN-No. 1ES48
Make more accurate power rail measurements.
17-Jul-2018
Stable operation in all circumstances is essential for power converters. Different working conditions, such as load steps, startup/shutdown sequences and input voltage variation, apply to most converter types. In addition to the standard feedback control loop, integrated pulse width modulation (PWM) controllers provide extended functions, such as line feed-forward loop control and soft-start control. These extended control functions improve regulation for specific conditions. Such complex regulation systems require smart methods to ensure proper operation of the converter in all modes. For this task, extensive expertise and the right measurement tools are essential for identifying and locating unexpected events in the system.
11-Oct-2023
RF components, On-wafer, Early wafer-level qualification, Early wafer-level qualification of RF components ensures quality and saves money On-wafer qualification of RF components RF components, On-wafer, Early wafer-level qualification, Early wafer-level qualification of RF components ensures quality and saves money On-wafer qualification of RF components RF components, On-wafer, Early wafer-level
14-Jul-2022
This application note describes the procedure used to install and deploy the LabVIEW driver libraries for the R&S CompactTSVP. All available wrapper VIs of *.DLL files from the R&S GTSL (Generic Test Software Library) development framework are now conveniently accessible via the LabVIEW menu item 'user.lib'. This common recipe also allows all upcoming versions of the R&S GTSL to be deployed, for safe and seamless updating of future R&S GTSL enhancements.
28-Dec-2007 | AN-No. 1SP805
The R&S®EB500 offers level measurement of signals with 20 MHz bandwidth.
09-Oct-2012
This Application Note describes measurements compliant with the CDMA2000® base station standard described in 3GPP2 C.S0010-C v2.0 / TIA/EIA-97-F-1. The primary focus is on solutions for generating and analyzing CDMA2000® signals. The special characteristics that make the selected signal generators and signal analyzers highly suitable for this purpose are detailed, and remote control programming is demonstrated by means of a free-of-charge program.
15-Sep-2009 | AN-No. 1MA109
Load pull is a powerful method for characterizing RF power amplifiers through impedance variation. Load pull enables model extraction and validation as well as performance, ruggedness and efficiency testing.
02-Sep-2020
In many applications, circuitries with automatic gain control are used, for example in the fields of tape recording or hearing aids. This application note describes the typical characteristic of these control circuitries and the difficulties in measurements using oscilloscops. With the audio analyzers UPL and UPD these measurements can be done much easier, the analysis can be done manually or automatically by using a special software tool.
04-Jun-1998 | AN-No. 1GA32
This application note highlights various aeronautical radio navigation signals such as VHF omnidirectional radio range (VOR), instrument landing system (ILS) for glide slope (GS) and localizer (LLZ), as well as marker beacon (MB). Rohde & Schwarz test and measurement solutions for avionics navigation equipment are introduced based on application scenarios, including calibration, research and development, field tests, and transceiver testing.
01-Feb-2012 | AN-No. 1MA193
Automatic generation and use of transducer factors makes it possible to test out-of-band emissions with the R&S®ETH handheld TV analyzer, without an external bandstop filter.
11-Aug-2010
This application note explains step by step all necessary settings for transmitting parameters of the disturbance signal from an EMS test to a dAV Camera System via serial port or LAN interface. The dAV Camera System overlays these parameters onto the camera signal.
10-Dec-2019
Phase distortions in a transmission channel are determined using group delay measurements, they must be as low as possible to maintain good signal quality. Vector network analyzers are normally used to characterize the group delay variations as a measure of phase distortion.This application note provides basic information about the concept of a group delay measurement with spectrum analyzers and signal generators, and how this method simplifies the test setup and improves the measurement speed.Measurement examples show the limiting factors of this approach and help the user to understand and avoid some limitations of this method. In addition the test results are compared to those generated with vector network analyzers.
09-Aug-2017 | AN-No. 1EF98
This application note describes how to generate cdma2000® signals for wide ranging receiver tests under fading conditions for cdma2000® 450/Cellular/PCS/IMT-2000 mobile and base station equipment. The test setup requires an Rohde & Schwarz Universal Radio Communication Tester CMU with IQ-IF interface option CMU-B17 and a baseband fading simulator ABFS. The cdma2kFadLevCor program included with this application note performs a semi automatic level correction of the power fed to the Device Under Test (DUT).
21-Jan-2005 | AN-No. 1MA64
Gated spectrum method with the R&S®PR200
03-Feb-2020
The hardware-in-the-loop options for the R&S®SMBV100B and the R&S®SMW200A GNSS simulators enable realistic, cost-efficient and flexible testing in a user-controlled environment.
03-Jun-2019
The R&S®QPS product family provides high resolution security scanning and was specifically designed to promote faster, more effective and comfortable people screening at security checkpoints. Utilizing safe millimeterwave radio frequency technology, the R&S®QPS security scanners automatically and safely detect potentially dangerous person-borne threats and contraband.
24-Jan-2019
This application note provides hints for implementing remote control programs using Rohde & Schwarz spectrum and network analyzers. The document makes suggestions for improved remote control performance and describes aspects of measurement synchronization in detail. Finally the document discusses some typical challenges of remote control in production test.
19-Aug-2014 | AN-No. 1EF62
Noise-Power-Ratio (NPR) measurements are a common procedure and a simple but useful tool to characterize the performance of power amplifiers for satellites or other multi-channel communication systems. The main advantage is the use of wideband signals like noise, multi-carrier CW tones or I/Q modulated signals, which leads to a better simulation of the real environment. This application note provides information how to generate these signals with a vector signal generator and perform NPR measurements with spectrum analyzers. With the R&S®SMW200A vector signal generator any desired test signal can be created. The R&S®FSW spectrum and signal analyzer offers an automated function for NPR measurements. The limiting factors of both a vector signal generator and a spectrum analyzer are explained. Measurement examples show the practical results of NPR measurements.
24-Jun-2019 | AN-No. 1EF108
This application note shows how to configure the R&S®AdVISE visual inspection software to automate the immunity testing in line with EN 55020 and CISPR 35 on TV sets and monitors.
30-Jul-2020 | AN-No. 1S007
For the transmission of digial audio data, different data formats are in use. The AES/EBU format, which is used in professional applications, as well as the S/P DIF format used in consumer electronics, transmit the audio data in time multplex for both channels. Additonal bits in the data stream cover complementary information, respectively are used for error detection.The generation and the analysis of those protocol data using the audio analyzers UPD or UPL is the topic of this application note. An extract of the AES3 standard informs about the basic definitions.
04-Jun-1998 | AN-No. 1GA15
High throughput is the key production metric for efficient operation. Improving test speed helps reduce the cost per device. The R&S®PVT360A performance vector tester is optimized for high speed production tests.
12-Apr-2023
Ensure that your M2M device equipped with an embedded SIM can deliver permanent and ubiquitous connectivity around the globe
22-Aug-2019
This application note provides a summary of the current test solutions available with Rohde & Schwarz equipment. The opportunities provided by the individual devices are presented briefly and a demonstration using a spectrum analyzer and a vector signal generator is described.
14-Sep-2009 | AN-No. 1MA112
3GPP TS25.141 defines conformance tests for W-CDMA base stations (including HSPA+ features). This application note describes how transmitter (Tx) tests (TS25.141 Chapter 6) can be performed quickly and easily by using signal and spectrum analyzers from Rohde & Schwarz. A few tests additionally require vector signal generators from Rohde & Schwarz. Example illustrates manual operation. A free software program enables and demonstrates remote operation. The W-CDMA base station receiver (Rx) tests (TS25.141 Chapter 7) are described in Application Note 1MA114.
21-Oct-2014 | AN-No. 1MA67
Recording, converting and playing back real-world signals
13-Jul-2012