Standards and regulations: The backbone of secure and reliable NTN networks

In this talk, Dr. Yvonne Weitsch outlines why standardization and regulation are essential for the next generation of satellite- and space-based communications. The presentation walks through the evolution from fragmented proprietary systems toward unified 3GPP-compliant NTN solutions such as IRIS2, and compares different direct-to-cell approaches using mobile satellite or terrestrial mobile spectrum. It also explains the regulatory landscape across ITU, FCC, CEPT, and the EU, including upcoming WRC-27 agenda items that will shape future spectrum allocations.