Create and simulate detailed traffic situations for the verification of cellular V2X (C-V2X) connectivity

30-Jun-2022

Create and simulate detailed traffic situations for the verification of cellular V2X (C-V2X) connectivity.

18-Nov-2019

Functional Testing

Although data services in the context of eMBB, URLLC and mMTC are the pivotal drivers behind the 5G evolution, legacy services like voice and video communications still represent important services that operators want to offer to their subscribers. As part of the technology evolution, we have seen a major change from circuit-switched 2G networks with an initial focus on telephony to fully packet-switched 4G networks focused on internet data communications.This application note focuses on different details of voice services in 5G networks. Besides some theoretical background this document describes the procedure to setup a 5G network with R&S®CMW500 and R&S®CMX500 radio communication testers and how to carry out different functional voice call tests for 5G networks.

06-Oct-2021 | AN-No. 1SL364

Next Generation Emergency Call (NG eCall) is a extension of eCall, a service provided in Europe with the goal of reducing response times for accidents or other emergencies on the roadways. This application note briefly describes the technology behind NG eCall and presents conformance tests for NG eCall using the R&S®CMW500 RF tester and either the R&S®SMBV100B or the R&S®SMW200A vector signal generator. The test software for NG eCall (R&S®CMW-KA096) makes it quick and easy to perform these tests with the LTE wireless communications standard.

06-Jun-2019 | AN-No. GFM312

The R&S®CMW wideband radio communication tester platform (R&S®CMW500, R&S®CMW270) uses high accuracy distance measurements (HADM) with phase based ranging (PBR) for a comprehensive and fully automated test solution to verify Bluetooth® Low Energy physical layer functionality

06-Sep-2023

This application note and associated application software may be used to conduct psychoacoustic speech quality evaluation for Voice over LTE (VoLTE) connections. The measurements are based on recommendations ITU-T P.862 and ITU-T P.863, respectively.

21-Feb-2014 | AN-No. 1MA204

The topic of this application note is mobile phone measurements – in theory and in practice. It discusses measurements according to the most common standard in use today, GSM.The first, theoretical portion of this application note covers digital modulation and access methods in general. This is followed by an overview of the specific characteristics of the GSM standard as well as a summary of the most important mobile radio measurements.The second, practical portion of this application note covers some of these measurements in detail and runs through them step by step. These measurements can be performed by small groups in labs.The measurements and analysis of the results are intended to illustrate the theoretical portion of the application note and to deepen the reader's understanding.All measurements are performed using the R&S®CMW500 wideband radio communication tester and an off the shelf mobile phone.

22-Aug-2014 | AN-No. 1MA231

R&S®CMWcards, an intuitive and user-friendly software application, makes it possible to recreate field testing in a lab environment

19-Feb-2019

The development and proliferation of Bluetooth® is a unique success story. The number of Bluetooth® wireless technology enabled devices is currently growing by 3.6 billion per year. As Internet of Things (IoT) technology advances, this number will grow significantly over the next years. Bluetooth SIG anticipates that there will be nearly 5.6 billion new Bluetooth® enabled devices in 2022. To ensure connectivity and trouble-free operation, each Bluetooth® enabled device has to be tested for conformance with Bluetooth SIG standards and regulatory requirements.

23-Nov-2017

IoT devices have tight requirements for power consumption in order to achieve expected battery life times of multiple years without a connection to a power supply. In order to verify the power consumption and expected battery life time, voltage and current have to be measured accurately for different operating states of the device under test.This application note explains battery life tests using RT-ZVC in combination with CMWrun and CMW500, including example applications.The solution by Rohde & Schwarz enables precise voltage, current and consequently, power measurements.The RT-ZVC Multi-Channel Power Probe can be driven as part of a test plan combining signaling and power measurements for a detailed view of the power consumption in different signaling states as well as an estimation of overall lifetime given a certain battery capacity.

17-Feb-2017 | AN-No. 1MA281

The R&S®CMW500 and R&S®SMBV100B are the ideal team for motor vehicle type approval testing of your eCall and ERA-GLONASS cellular modems and their GNSS receivers in line with the EU2017/79 regulation.

02-May-2022

Emergency Road Assistance (ERA-GLONASS) is a service provided in the Russian Federation with thegoal of reducing response times for accidents or other emergencies on the roadways. This application note briefly describes the technology behind ERA-GLONASS and presents conformance tests for ERAGLONASS using the R&S®CMW500 RF tester and the R&S®SMBV100A vector signal generator. A Test software for ERA-GLONASS makes it quick and easy to perform these tests with the GSM or WCDMA wireless communications standard. It also shows a test solution for GNSS performance tests for ERAGLONASS using the R&S®SMBV100A vector signal generator and the option R&S®SMBV-K360 together with CMWrun.

24-Jan-2018 | AN-No. 1MA251

Wireless coexistence testing

11-May-2020

This application Note is based on CMW500, SMBV100B and Vector CANoe.Car2x Software and guides to how to simulate the specific Cellular Vehicle-to-Everything (C-V2X) wireless environment in respect to road transport scenarios and transmitted messages around the Device Under Test (DUT) like a Telematics Control Unit (TCU). It shows how to verify and validate the C-V2X application of the DUT in laboratory environment. The virtual simulation scenario is not limited to the requirements of CSAE53-2017 specification, and it could be modified by user according to this operating guide with CANoe.Vehicle-to-everything (V2X) is a new generation of information and communications technologies that connect vehicles to everything. The objective of V2X is to increase road safety and manage traffic efficiently.C-V2X is designed to offer low-latency vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V), vehicle-to-roadside infrastructure (V2I) and vehicle-to-pedestrian (V2P) communications services to add a new dimension to future advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS). C-V2X as one communications standard defined by 3GPP in Release 14 uses LTE technology as the physical interface for communications. The standard describes two types of communications. The vehicle-to-network (V2N) communications type, exploits the cellular Uu interface, uses traditional cellular link to enable cloud services to be integrated into end-to-end solutions, e.g. to allow road and traffic information for a given area to be distributed to the vehicles.The second type is referred to as direct or PC5/Sidelink (V2V, V2I, V2P) communications, where data transmission takes place over the PC5 interface. In that type, C-V2X does not necessarily require a cellular network infrastructure. It can operate without a SIM and without network assistance and uses GNSS as its primary source for time synchronization.Verifying system functionality and performance exclusively by field testing in a real-world environment can be time-consuming, costly and very challenging. Requirements regarding functionality, and consequently the required assistance functions, are constantly changing. Due to this fact, test solutions are needed during the development and introduction phase to verify compliance with the standards. The PC5 direct communications type allows exchange of time sensitive and safety relevant information. Using a mobile communication tester like the R&S® CMW500 together with a C-V2X scenario simulation tool delivers reproducible test scenarios. This is essential for the standardization of verification processes for C-V2X in order to obtain reliable and comparable results, and it helps to demonstrate that end-to-end functionality between two C-V2X devices from different vendors works properly.

02-Jun-2021 | AN-No. GFM341

This white paper summarizes the technology options for supporting voice and short message service (SMS) in LTE, including circuit switched fallback (CSFB), SMS over SGs, and voice over LTE (VoLTE).

11-May-2011 | AN-No. 1MA197

Existing GSM mobile communication systems have the potential to double voice capacity by adding the “Voice services over Adaptive Multi-user channels on One Slot” (VAMOS) feature as specified in the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) GSM/EDGE Radio Access Network (GERAN) Release 9 specifications. This application note describes the VAMOS feature from an air interface perspective in detail and specifically illustrates the VAMOS testing solution offered by Rohde & Schwarz test equipment.

17-Aug-2011 | AN-No. 1MA181

Modern radio communication systems have to provide higher and higher data rates. As conventional methods like using more bandwidth or higher order modulation types are limited, new methods of using the transmission channel have to be used. Multiple antenna systems (Multiple Input, Multiple Output – MIMO) gives a significant enhancement to data rate and channel capacity. This application note gives an introduction to basic MIMO concepts and terminology and explains how MIMO is implemented in different radio communications standards.

02-Jul-2009 | AN-No. 1MA142

This application note explains the fundamentals of the cell search and cell selection and reselection procedures required for both modes of UMTS Long Term Evolution: FDD and TDD. It describes how to generate and analyze the required signals using Rohde & Schwarz test and measurement solutions. The application note also shows how to perform interoperability tests and terminal conformance tests according to the baseline of the 3GPP specifications for protocol conformance and Radio Resource Management (RRM).

17-Sep-2009 | AN-No. 1MA150

LTE – the fastest growing mobile radio standard – had its beginnings in 3GPP Release 8. Initial improvements and new features were implemented in Release 9. This Application Note describes the T&M methods for LTE Release 9 features using Rohde & Schwarz instruments.

26-Apr-2013 | AN-No. 1MA210

Most of the tests specified in the 3GPP standard TS 34.121 [1] Release 6 (Rel-6) can be performed with the R&S®CMW500. This document provides a step-by-step guide on how to use a stand-alone R&S®CMW500 to take Rel-6 measurements on transmitter characteristics and execute performance tests according to TS 34.121 V9.7.0, clauses 5 and 10. Test cases that require fading simulation can also be carried out with the aid of a standalone R&S®CMW500 that has been configured with a built-in fading simulator option. That greatly reduces test setup complexity. Furthermore, the R&S®CMW500's wizard enables easy configuration of the test setup for various HSUPA subtests as specified by TS34.121 [1]. The procedure detailing how the wizard is used is also explained for each test case. The test cases mentioned in this application note are carried out using Rel-6 user equipment (UE) that supports Operating Band I and Power Class 3.

27-Nov-2013 | AN-No. 1CM97

The Rohde & Schwarz Bluetooth RF test solution with the R&S®CMW and R&S®CMWrun is closely aligned to the Bluetooth RF Test Suite. Most of the tests can be performed with the equipment under test connected to a single CMW which is remotely controlled via R&S®CMWrun running on an external computer. Some of the tests require an additional signal generator. This document describes common setups for these tests and the required configurations.

04-May-2015 | AN-No. 1MA261

This application note shows how to perform LTE terminal block error rate (BLER) and throughput tests under fading conditions with the R&S®CMW500 Protocol Tester and the R&S®AMU200A Fading Simulator.

27-Mar-2012 | AN-No. 1MA177

Most of the HSDPA tests specified in the TS 34.121 for 3GPP Release-5 / -7 and -8 can be performed with an R&S®CMW500. This document provides a step-by-step guide on how to use a stand-alone R&S®CMW500 to perform HSDPA Tests (from Rel.5 up to Rel.8 / DC-HSDPA+) measurements on transmitter characteristics and receiver characteristics in line with TS 34.121 V9.5.0, clauses 5 and 6. A set of save files based on R&S®CMW500 firmware V3.0.10 for user equipment supporting Operating Band I with Power Class 4 is attached to this application note for easy recall of important settings while performing tests in line with the relevant specifications.

17-Aug-2012 | AN-No. 1CM96

High Speed Downlink Packet Access (HSDPA) and High Speed Uplink Packet Access (HSUPA) optimize UMTS for packet data services in the downlink and uplink, respectively. Together, they are referred to as High Speed Packet Access (HSPA). Within 3GPP Release 7, 8, 9 and 10, further improvements to HSPA have been specified in the context of HSPA+ or HSPA evolution. This Application Note describes how HSPA+ features can be tested using Rohde & Schwarz instruments.

26-Apr-2013 | AN-No. 1MA121

This application note shows how to determine the quality of a video streamed by an LTE mobile with R&S®CMW500 Radio Communication Tester and R&S®VTE Video Analyzer. The R&S®CMWrun Test Software with CMW-KT051 General Purpose and CMW-KT105 AV Difference Analysis option allows the user to easily automate these tests.

08-Sep-2014 | AN-No. 1MA253

LTE-Advanced comprises multiple features enhancing the basic LTE technology firstly specified in 3GPP Release 8. LTE including the LTEAdvanced improvements was approved by ITU to comply with IMT-Advanced requirements and thus being a true 4G mobile communication system. The different technology components of LTE-Advanced have different market priorities and require different testing strategies. This application note summarizes the Rohde &Schwarz test solutions for LTE-Advanced (Release 10) using Vector Signal Generators, Signal and Spectrum Analyzers and the Wideband Radio Communication Tester.

03-Sep-2014 | AN-No. 1MA166

The 3GPP TS 36.521-1 “Radio transmission and reception” LTE User Equipment (UE) conformance specification defines the measurement procedures for LTE terminals with regard to their transmitting characteristics, receiving characteristics and performance requirements as part of the 3G Long Term Evolution (3G LTE) standard. This application note describes how to use the LTE Frequency Division Duplex (FDD) and Time Division Duplex (TDD) measurement functionality provided by the R&S®CMW500 wideband radio communication tester to perform LTE transmitter and receiver measurements according to this test specification.

17-May-2013 | AN-No. 1CM94

The duration of a measurement in multi evaluation list mode is sensitive to the test setup. This document describes various methods to achieve optimized performance for such measurements. The availability of the methods depends on the CMW500 version.

17-Jul-2012 | AN-No. 1CM100

Today’s infotainment units offer a wide range of features to truly embody the concept of the connected car.

14-Jun-2018

This document describes how a Windows®-based R&S® T&M instrument is remotely operated by an Apple iPad as if working on it locally. Step-by-step procedures are provided for setting up and configuring the T&M instrument and the iPad. On the iPad, a special App implements the Windows® 'Remote Desktop' functionality. T&M instrument and iPad are connected via WLAN (also denoted as Wi-Fi network).

28-Mar-2013 | AN-No. 1MA216