26 Results
LTE is becoming the predominant wireless technology. Among several new features of this standard, the multiple input multiple output (MIMO) technology offers various advantages.It improves the throughput, extends the reach, reduces interference and improves the signal to interference plus noise ratio (SINR) with beamforming. LTE supports various modes in order to optimize the transmission settings.An LTE MIMO base station consists of a baseband unit, a remote radio head (RRH) and an array of up to eight antennas. The RRH upconverts the digital signals of the baseband unit into analog signals for each antenna.
08-Aug-2024
Analyzing high speed datacom interfaces is an important task and ensures signal integrity. One major challenge of this analysis is the connection between the physical interface and the oscilloscope, as most of the datacom interfaces do not provide test connections suitable for RF. A test fixture is required as a bridge between the high speed datacom IF and the RF connector of the oscilloscope, but this will affect the signal integrity measurement. The R&S®RTP and R&S®RTO oscilloscopes with the advanced jitter option can analyze and separate jitter contributions. Additionally, the option can evaluate the impact of test fixtures and traces inherently and give the user a good understanding of the impact of their test setup.
15-Jul-2024
R&S®RTP, R&S®RTO, R&S®RTE, oscilloscopes, acquired waveform data, python How to work with acquired waveform data in Python using the R&S®RTP, R&S®RTO or R&S®RTE. Working with acquired waveform data in Python R&S®RTP, R&S®RTO, R&S®RTE, oscilloscopes, acquired waveform data, python How to work with acquired waveform data in Python using the R&S®RTP, R&S®RTO or R&S®RTE. Working with acquired waveform
12-Jan-2022
Secondary surveillance radar (SSR) bridges the gap between communications systems and classic radar systems. Despite the increasing capabilities of mobile communications, SSR remains a major component in airspace surveillance. State-of-the-art methods such as Mode S reply enhance SSR with broadcast-like capabilities and enable airports in remote locations to surveil the airspace even if no radar is available. More advanced techniques such as automatic dependent surveillance broadcast (ADS-B) utilize the infrastructure provided by a Mode S reply transponder to provide even more information for ground control and other aircraft.
17-May-2021
Phase difference is the key parameter when characterizing direction finding (DF) scenarios. To analyze DF equipment, the phase difference needs to be determined before measuring other parameters such as the bearing. The R&S®VSE-K6A multichannel pulse analysis software in combination with a Rohde & Schwarz oscilloscope provides phase difference measurements even in challenging environments, utilizing the test equipment’s advanced trigger capabilities.
02-Mar-2021
Oscilloscopes are increasingly used to analyze pulsed signals such as radar signals for aerospace and defence as well as automotive applications. The oscilloscopes’ wide analysis bandwidth and manifold trigger capabilities, make them a good fit for the increasing demand for higher bandwidths and accurate signal detection in these applications. R&S®VSE vector signal explorer software is a powerful tool for comprehensive analysis of a variety of signals, providing full support to the Rohde & Schwarz oscilloscope advanced trigger system. Adjusting the trigger settings enables pulses and pulse sequences to be isolated and run full pulse analysis using the R&S®VSE vector signal explorer software.
03-Feb-2021
Performing precompliance measurements on power supplies requires using a line impedance stabilization network (LISN) for results that can be compared to limit values. While LISNs are standard in any precompliance lab, often no LISN is available for early R&D testing. If high accuracy is not your goal and you just need a simple tool for debugging, you can build your own LISN. Rohde & Schwarz oscilloscopes with powerful FFT analysis, are ideal for optimizing EMI filters or debugging unwanted emissions during development.
14-Jan-2021
Many serial interfaces use Manchester or non-return-to-zero (NRZ) coding. Oscilloscopes typically offer dedicated software options for debugging and testing the communications interfaces for common standards such as I2C, UART or CAN. The R&S®RTx-K50 option expands the addressable range of interface standards by adding decoding capability for standardized and proprietary Manchester or NRZ coded buses. It allows customizable configuration of the protocol structure that has to be decoded.
19-Oct-2020
10BASE-T1S Ethernet enables the integration of diverse sensors into an automotive-Ethernet vehicle supply system, for example short-range radar sensors for detecting blind spots or ultrasonic sensors for the parking assistant. For reliable operation of the functions, data transmission over 10BASE‑T1S Ethernet must be assured at all times and in every climatic environment. Functionality must be tested during development and in production. Only 10BASE-T1S Ethernet interfaces that have passed compliance testing in line with IEEE 802.3cg can be deployed in vehicles. Consequently, vehicle manufacturers and their suppliers need measuring equipment that allows them to perform these tests quickly and reliably.
15-May-2020
An easy-to-setup test solution for high speed multichannel acquisition for 5G NR signals
04-Mar-2020
Simultaneously measure various current levels from μA to A in all phases of IoT device activity – from sleep to receive and transmit mode
01-Oct-2019
Oscilloscopes are the workhorses for power electronics engineers. With powerful and easyto- use FFT analysis capabilities, their application fields extend to EMI debugging – and that saves a lot of time and money. A typical task is verifying the effectiveness of an EMI filter – early in the development phase.
23-Sep-2019
Analyzing RF pulses is a key aspect of pulsed radar applications, e.g. in air traffic control (ATC), maritime radar or scientific measurements of the ionosphere. Analyzing the envelope and the modulation of the pulse is essential, because they contain important information to characterize the application. The R&S®RTO and R&S®RTP oscilloscopes are capable of triggering precisely on a pulse as a prerequisite for time domain and frequency domain analysis. This document describes the use of the R&S®RTO and R&S®RTP to trigger exactly on pulses in preparation for further in-depth measurements such as RF pulse measurements on an ATC signal.
13-Mar-2019
Analyzing RF pulses is a key aspect of pulsed radar applications, e.g. in air traffic control (ATC), maritime radar or scientific measurements of the ionosphere. Analyzing the modulation of the pulse is essential, because it contains important information to characterize the application. The R&S®RTO and R&S®RTP oscilloscopes can precisely trigger on and analyze RF pulses. This document describes the use of the R&S®RTO and R&S®RTP to demodulate RF pulses for further measurements.
13-Mar-2019
LLC resonant converters achieve very high efficiency levels due to soft switching. However, during the power-on phase such a converter might behave differently until the controller has reached a steady state. Measuring the inrush current and the power-on time ensures that they are within standards and comply with the data sheet.
29-Nov-2018
The numerous supply voltages of FPGAs, CPUs and DSPs need to be powered-up in a specific order to ensure reliable operation. It is crucial to verify this power sequencing during circuit design and product development.
08-Oct-2018
Overview of the choices for downloading waveform data for remote processing
15-Feb-2018
Analyzing RF pulses is a key aspect of pulsed radar applications, e.g. in air traffic control (ATC), maritime radar or scientific measurements of the ionosphere. It is essential to analyze the pulse envelope in the time domain because it contains important information needed to characterize the application. The R&S®RTO digital oscilloscope is a very useful measurement instrument for analyzing pulse characteristics.
09-Nov-2017
When analyzing the robustness of data transmission systems, jitter is a key indicator. It is recommended to use jitter measurement instruments for both the time and frequency domain in order to differentiate between fast and slow moving artifacts.
22-Aug-2017
Deep memory in an oscilloscope ensures that long waveforms are captured with high resolution right down to the details thanks to a high sustained sample rate. Users can be confident that they are not ‘missing anything’. They benefit from viewing longer periods of time and quickly finding signal anomalies or important events.
21-Mar-2017
One of the key advantages of USB power delivery (USB PD) supported by USB Type-C™ connectors is the capability to transmit power up to 100 W. Using low speed signaling, the devices negotiate a USB PD profile. Suppliers of USB Type-C components and device vendors utilizing the USB PD standard need to ensure interoperability in terms of protocol handshake and signal integrity.
27-Jan-2016
Ethernet communications has been introduced in automotive networks to enable fast and cost efficient data communications, e.g. for the rearward camera or audio/video streaming. In the OPEN alliance (www.openSIG.org), the automotive industry has standardized the BroadR-Reach® physical layer as the automotive Ethernet communications standard. It will be part of the IEEE 802.3 standard. BroadR-Reach® uses full duplex twisted pair communications, enabling 100 Mbit/s data transfer. For interface verification the OPEN Alliance has specified a BroadR-Reach® conformance test with six test cases.
27-Mar-2015
The power efficiency of the drive electronics is a key parameter when developing electric drive systems. The conduction loss of the electric drive electronics is of special interest. One important parameter for determining the conduction loss is the RDS(on) of the MOSFET. When a switching MOSFET is off, it has a high drain-to-source voltage, but when it is turned on, the voltage drops to just a few hundred millivolts. A highresolution oscilloscope is needed to measure these low voltages. Probe compensation and correct probing are also vital for accurate RDS(on) measurements.
19-Mar-2015
The R&S®RTO / R&S®RTE oscilloscope is a valuable tool for analyzing EMI problems in electronic designs. High input sensitivity, high dynamic range and a powerful FFT implementation are key features for capturing and analyzing unwanted emissions.
26-Feb-2015
In accelerator physics, pulsed signals frequently need to be measured. The digital trigger and low noise frontend of the R&S®RTO/RTP digital oscilloscope make it possible to perform the high precision measurements needed to characterize the experimental setup. Several measurement functions specially developed for accelerator physics labs support detailed signal analysis.
17-Dec-2013
For measurement settings below 10 mV/div, oscilloscopes typically reduce the measurement bandwidth in order to keep the trace noise as low as possible. The R&S®RTO is different: It offers the full bandwidth even for the most sensitive settings, and an A/D converter with more than 7 effective bits (ENOB) digitizes the signal.
13-Jul-2012